As people’s requirements for the quality of life are getting higher and higher, due to supply demands, most woodworking industries have placed CNC machining centers as their first choice in order to improve their competitiveness. However, everyone hopes to obtain high-precision, powerful, and reliable machine tools with the least investment. How to choose a piece of equipment that can make the CNC woodworking router the best function within its own economic strength is very important.
Considering factors such as processing technology, plate material, price, etc., select the machining center according to the selected processing object. For example, the processing technology is complicated and requires edge-tracking milling, pocket machining, punching, etc., you can choose with automatic tool change and with row drilling, High precision machining center;
It is necessary to perform vertical, side hole, and groove processing for small or special-shaped parts. You can choose a CNC drilling machining center that can perform point-to-point adsorption and has a movable adsorption block;
When processing complex curved surfaces, such as stair handrails, impellers, handicrafts, etc., you can choose a five-axis machining center;
When the size of the processed item is larger, you can choose a gantry machining center.
The accuracy of the machine tool has an important influence on the processing quality, and the general tolerance of the processing accuracy is within 20 silk.
The main factors affecting accuracy are as follows:
1. The accuracy of the machine tool itself
The stiffness of the machine tool determines whether the machine bed is stable, but the machining process of the machine tool determines the accuracy of the machine tool itself.
Small manufacturers use manual grinding of machine tools, including guide rail tables and fixed rack drilling. Due to the influence of human factors, the error will be large;
Professional CNC manufacturers will go through the milling of a large gantry CNC woodworking router before the bed enters the workshop. The guide rail table and rack surface are all CNC drilled, so as to avoid errors caused by manual processing, and the bed will also be heat treated and annealed. , Natural aging and vibration aging treatment to eliminate stress and ensure the rigidity of the machine tool.
2. Rail precision
Linear guides can be divided into three types: roller linear guides, cylindrical linear guides, and ball linear guides. The first two are faster and have lower accuracy, while the latter is slower and higher accuracy. Generally, self-lubricating and maintenance-free guide rails are selected to ensure accuracy.
A ball screw is the most commonly used transmission element in machine tools and precision machinery. Its main function is to convert rotary motion into linear motion or convert torque into axial repetitive force, and it has both high precision, reversibility, and high efficiency.
4. Assembly accuracy
Professional CNC manufacturers will pass triple inspections when assembling machine tools to refine inspection procedures to ensure the accuracy of machine tools:
1) Detection of geometric accuracy of straightness and parallelism:
The position accuracy detection of the verticality of the three-axis axis can detect the verticality of the x/axis to ensure that the diagonal error of the processed object is minimized. At the same time, it detects the perpendicularity of the Y/Z, x/Z axis, and the parallelism of the main axis and z-axis to ensure that the surface of the object on the milling plane is flat.
2) Inspection of the whole machine by ballbar and laser interferometer: comprehensive inspection, simulating the operation of the machine tool, and further ensuring the state of the machine tool.
The choice of parameters
When selecting a machining center, the first parameters to be referred to are the effective stroke range and processing size. This parameter should be selected according to the actual processing size of the plate.
Table size: This is the main parameter of the machining center, which mainly depends on the outline size and fixing method of the processed items. Choose a workbench that is slightly larger than that of the processed plate to allow space for fixing the plate or installing fixtures; also consider the load-bearing capacity of the workbench. If the load-bearing capacity is insufficient, consider increasing the size of the worktable to increase the load-bearing capacity. At present, many manufacturers of CNC machining centers will use vacuum suction tables to absorb the processed objects through a vacuum, and reserve slots for clamping, so that the processed objects can be fixed more firmly and processing more accurately. The most basic coordinate axes are x, r, and Z, and there is a corresponding proportional relationship between stroke and the size of the worktable. The size of the table basically determines the size of the processing space.
The movement accuracy and structural rigidity of the spindle components are important factors that determine the processing quality and cutting efficiency. Different machine tools of the same specification can have a large difference in motor power.
The choice of spindle
In the woodworking industry, spindles are generally divided into air-cooled, water-cooled, and self-cooled.
The water-cooled spindle has a good cooling effect, but the maintenance is complicated. Usually, clean water is required. If used for a long time, the scale produced will corrode the internal pipe fittings of the spindle.
The air-cooled spindle is easy to maintain and use, and the cooling effect is not as good as water cooling.
For different materials, customers can choose different powers. For example, when processing ordinary acrylic plates, the spindle below 3.OKW is used, and the vibration amplitude of the spindle with low power is stable to ensure the smooth surface of the processed material and the effect is better; for solid wood doors, etc., the power above 9.0RW can be used, with large cutting force and processing efficiency.
Selection of automatic tool changer (ATC) and tool magazine capacity
The automatic tool change system is an important part of CNC machine tools. It mainly transfers the tools needed for processing from the tool magazine to the spindle tool holder. The structure of the tool magazine and the working method of tool exchange will affect the tool change efficiency of the machine tool. The tool magazines commonly used in machining centers are row type, hat type, and disc type. These three types of hat type tool magazines have fast tool change speeds. , The tool position is accurate; the speed of the traditional row-type tool magazine is slow, and the tool needs to be re-calibrated after the tool is changed.
The choice of brand
To buy a machining center, you still have to choose a good brand. Although branded products are expensive, they are valued for money. A good machine creates value for you invisibly. If you buy a poor machine that breaks twice in three days or the accuracy is not up to The production fails to meet customer requirements. When choosing a machine, you should check whether the brand is a regular manufacturer, and implement the company’s scale and technical capabilities. Those who do not have a factory agent or a small factory with only a few people, don’t think about it. They can’t be cheap for a while. If the machine has a problem, no one can be found. Such things happen from time to time. At the same time, it also depends on whether the after-sales service is timely. Even the best machine may be broken. At this time, you need to choose a good service provider. Those who don’t talk about credit and repair in time should be ignored.
Jinan FORSUN CNC Machinery Co., Ltd. is one of the professional CNC woodworking router machine manufacturers and suppliers in China and has been committed to providing high-quality CNC engraving machines and solutions to customers around the world for two decades. For questions about woodworking CNC router machines, please feel free to contact us, we will provide you with the most suitable solution.
